KNOWLEDGE OF HEALTH IN CLASS VII MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS IN YOGYAKARTA STATE MIDDLE SCHOOL 14	

Wulan Azva Diana 1, Sri Winarni 1 and Sriawan 3	
1 Master Program Sport Sciences, Yogyakarta State University , Jl. Colombo No 1 Karangmalang Depok Sleman Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
2 Physical Education, Health and  Creation (PJKR), Faculty of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University,  Jl. Colombo No 1 Karangmalang Depok Sleman Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
wulanazva.diana@gmail.com, wulanazva.2018@student.uny.ac.id, sri_winarni@uny.ac.id, sriawan@uny.ac.id
	
Keywords:	Knowledge, Health, Seventh Grade Students

Abstract:	The research intends to determine how high the health knowledge of seventh grade students in SMP Negeri (State Junior High School) 14 Yogyakarta. This research was descriptive research using survey method. The instrument of this research was by using questionnaire with multiple choice test. The samples of the research were the students of Seventh Grade in SMP Negeri 14 Yogyakarta totalling 34 students. The data analysis technique of the research was by using descriptive quantitative data analysis technique. Based on the research result, the health knowledge of the seventh grade students in SMP Negeri 14 Yogyakarta is mostly on the medium category, will be presented in accordance with the order of percentage that is categorized in medium category 50,00%, in good category 23,52% , less category 14.70%,  very less category 8.00% and in very good category 2.94%.

INTRODUCTION

School is one formal forum that tries to carry out the process of changing behavior through the education process. Physical education not only aims to make students fit, but also has a role to play in providing health education. Health education is an effort to teach students how to maintain and respect the body as a whole by developing and improving physical, social, and emotional abilities so that they have an awareness to achieve a healthy life behavior. Health education according to Kriswanto (2012: 2), that "health education is part of the overall health effort (promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative) which focuses on efforts to improve healthy living behaviors".
Physical education or PJOK subjects are given in junior high schools which can cover a variety of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. These three aspects can be achieved by various efforts made by the teacher in the hope that students can carry out learning well. The material taught is about the development of adolescents, balanced diet of healthy nutrition, and describes mental health because health does not only consist of physical health but also psychologically. The vast majority of studies show evidence of positive associations of physical activity in physical and mental health measures
The situation in SMP N 14 Yogyakarta was precisely at the time the researcher conducted the PLT, the researcher made observations regarding the knowledge given during the physcisal education learning hours or the PJOK, namely the time to deliver health education material was very limited so that the students could not understand the material delivered by the teacher, students who tend to not be able to apply and apply the health knowledge that has been given in everyday life, there are still many students who have not been able to apply the health knowledge that has been received to unhealthy food ingredients in their daily lives, there are still some students who it is still difficult to apply health knowledge in everyday life by not being able to control emotions by fighting each other. The hope of giving good health knowledge physically, psychologically, and also socially is that students can apply in their daily lives and become wiser individuals in maintaining health, therefore there is a gap between the health knowledge that has been given, with the application of in everyday life, namely in terms of balanced healthy nutrition diet, mental health and sustainable adolescent development so that if students can apply and apply in daily life will make students do a healthy lifestyle and become a better person. Based on the description above, the researchers wanted to conduct a study entitled "Knowledge of Health in Class VII Middle School Students in Yogyakarta State Middle School 14". This study aims to find out how far health knowledge is in class VII students in SMP Negeri 14 Yogyakarta.

RESEARCH METHOD
Types and Design of Research
This research is a descriptive study with a survey method. The instrument in this study is a questionnaire in the form of multiple choices questions that must be answered by students. This study describes class VII health knowledge in Yogyakarta State Middle School.
Time and Place of Research
This research will be conducted at Yogyakarta State Middle School 14, which is located at Jalan Tentara Pelajar, Bumijo, Jetis, Yogyakarta City, Yogyakarta Special Region. The time of this study will be held from March.
Research Subject
The population in this study is class VII, the following is the division of class VII, namely classes VII A, VII B, VII C and VII D, each class VII which is in SMP Negeri 14 Yogyakarta totaling 34 students. The researcher in taking the sample used purposive sampling technique (Suharsimi, 2010: 183) in the presence of certain considerations.

Procedure
Data, Instrument, dan Data Collection Technique
The instrument, according to Arikunto (2013: 191), is a tool that is chosen and used by researchers in collecting data so that the activity becomes systematic and facilitated by it. The instrument in this study uses questionnaires, the researcher determines the data collection technique in this study is to use a questionnaire given to respondents. The questionnaire used in this study is a questionnaire with a closed type of question that is where the answers have been provided so that the respondent can only choose the answer that matches his opinion.
Before conducting the trial, the researcher conducted a validation / expert judgment in this study with Drs. Sriawan, M.Kes. The trial of the research instrument in Yogyakarta State Middle School 14 with a total of 34 students. Based on the results of the trial, it shows that out of 36 questions or questions there are 4 items that fall, namely numbers 4,9,32 and 35 (r count < r table), the reliability coefficient is 0,960.
Data collection techniques are techniques that can be used in data retrieval. In this case the researcher determines the data collection technique in this study is to use a questionnaire given to respondents. The questionnaire used in this study is a questionnaire with a closed type of question that is where the answers have been provided so that the respondent can only choose the answer that matches his opinion. Each question has four answers where there is one correct answer. The data needed in this study is in the form of health knowledge of VII students of SMP Negeri 14 Yogyakarta. The techniques used for data collection are:
a)	Before the questionnaire is shared, the researcher explains to the seventh-grade students of State Junior High School 14 Yogyakarta about the procedure for working on the question.
b)	After all the students are clear or understand about the procedure in working on the questions, the questions are distributed to all seventh-grade students who have been previously determined by going through the process suggested by the physical education teacher with a total of 34 students.

Data Analysis Technique
The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistical techniques. Descriptive statistics are used to describe the data collected by the researcher as uttered by Darmadi (2014: 313). The analysis used in this study uses quantitative descriptive techniques with percentages. The frequency according to Sudjiono (2010: 43) is to find the relative frequency (percentage) as follows:

Information:
P = Percentage sought (Relative Frequency)
F = Frequency
N = Number of Respondents
Determination of Score by using Reference Norm Research (PAN) according to Syarifudin (2010: 113) in table 1 as follows:
Table 1. Assessment Norms
No	Norms	Categories	
1	X>M + 1,5 SD upward	Exellent	
2	M + 0,5 SD < X ≤ M + 1,5 SD	Good	
3	M – 0,5 SD < X ≤ M + 0,5 SD	Sufficient	
4	M – 1,5 SD < X ≤ M – 0,5 SD	Less	
5	X ≤ M – 1,5 SD	Very Less	
(Source: Syarifudin, 2010: 113)
RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Reseacrh Results
 The description of the results of research on health knowledge in seventh-grade students of State Junior High School 14 Yogyakarta as a whole was measured by 32 item questionnaires in the form of questions, with a score range from 0 to 1. Based on the results of the research data obtained a minimum value = 15, maximum value = 30, the mean value is = 24.35, median = 25, and the standard deviation = 3.52.
Table 2. Description of Health Knowledge in Seventh-Grade Middle School Students
Interval	F	%	Categories	
> 29,65 	1	2,94	Excellent	
26,12 - 29,64	8	23,53	Good	
22,59 - 26,11	17	50	Sufficient	
19,06 - 22,58	5	14,71	Less	
19,05	3	8,82	Very Less	
Total	34	100		
If the form of the table is displayed in the form of

Figure 1. Diagram of Health Knowledge for Junior High School Students in Class VII in Yogyakarta State Middle School 14

diagram, see the picture below:  

Based on the table and figure above, it is known that health knowledge for class VII students in State Junior High School 14 Yogyakarta is in the excellent category of 2.94%, in the good category of 23.52%, in the sufficient category of 50.00%, in the category less than 14.70% and the category very less than 8.8%. These results are dominant in health knowledge for class VII students in Yogyakarta State Middle School 14 is sufficient.

1.	Knowledge Factors on Healthy Diet
Knowledge factors on healthy diet in this study were measured by 10 items of statements, with a range of scores 0 to 1. Obtained the results of the study data minimum value = 5, maximum value = 10, mean value = 7.73, median = 8, and standard deviation = 1.32. If it is displayed in the form of a diagram, look at the picture below: 

Figure 2. Knowledge Factors on Healthy Diet Diagram

Based on the tables and figures above, it can be seen that the knowledge factor towards healthy diet which is included in the excellent category is 5.88%, in the good category is 23.52%, in the sufficient category is 32.29%, in the less category is 26.47 % and very less categories at 8.82%.

2.	Mental Health Knowledge Factors
The description of the results of research on mental health knowledge in this study was measured by 12 items, with a range of scores 0 to 1. The results of the research data obtained a minimum value = 6, the maximum value = 12, the mean value = 10.21, median = 11, and standard deviation = 1.56. When displayed in the form of a diagram shown in the picture below:

Figure 3. Mental Health Knowledge Factors Diagram

Based on the table and figure above, it is known that the mental health knowledge factor which is included in the excellent category is 0.00%, in the good category is 52.94%, in the sufficient category is 23.52%, the less category is 11.76% and the very less category is very less than 11.76%.

3.	Teenage Development Knowledge Factor)

The description of the results of research on the knowledge of adolescent development in this study was measured by 10 items, with a range of scores 0 and 1. The results of the research data obtained a minimum value = 2, a maximum value = 10, the mean value = 6.41, median = 6, and standard deviation = 1.94.

Figure 4. Youth Development Knowledge Factors Diagram

Based on the tables and figures above, it is known that the knowledge factors of adolescent development are included in the excellent category of 5.88%, in the good category of 20.58%, in the sufficient category of 44.11%, in the less category of 23.52% and in the very less category less than 5.88%.

Discussion
Health knowledge is anything that affects health physically, spiritually and socially, which is known and can be verified. Health knowledge also includes all that is known about the world of health, especially healthy lifestyles obtained from seeing, hearing and feeling and can be applied in everyday life. The results show that the State Junior High School 14 Yogyakarta students have a sufficient understanding of dominant health knowledge, with a percentage of 50%. It is found that there are different characteristics of class VII students in physical education learning process or PJOK with health knowledge material that has been given to class VII students which of course affecting the attractiveness of physical education learning with health knowledge material, some are very interested and vice versa so that it can affect the thinking ability of each child. If the students are interested in health knowledge material, students will try to listen, seek, and learn so that the child is able to understand the content of the material delivered by the teacher and vice versa. Knowledge that is conveyed is lacking, so students have not been able to apply it in daily life because healthy living behavior will be applied in daily life if someone has good knowledge. It will further explain how students' knowledge of healthy diet, mental health knowledge and knowledge of adolescent development. Such good knowledge can be a supporter of students' awareness to implement healthy behaviors.
1.	Healthy Diet Knowledge Factors
Based on the results of the study on the knowledge of healthy diet, most of them are in the sufficient category with a percentage of 32.29%, the results said that students have sufficient knowledge about healthy diet. The students are less interested with knowledge of healthy diet so that the material explained by the teacher cannot be accepted by students or students do not understand what is conveyed by the teacher, the amount of food information circulating both from print and social media makes students interested will try these foods without knowing the ingredients contained in the food, it can be seen that the habits of students eating unhealthy foods, such as there are still many students who buy food at street vendors who usually contain chemicals that are harmful to the body and also consume junk food (fastfood).
2.	Mental Health Knowledge Factors
The results of the study of mental health knowledge factors are mostly in the good category with a percentage of 52.94%, the results can be said that most students have a good understanding of mental health. Mental health knowledge material provided by the teacher is largely about behaviors that can be seen by others and can be felt by oneself in everyday life, making it easier for students to understand mental health knowledge, in the learning process the teacher provides examples of mental health material as well which happens or is experienced by students both in the school, family and community so that students can understand well mental health knowledge. Mental health is not only physically healthy but also psychologically, which allows physical and psychological development to run side by side which makes a positive impact on oneself.
3.	Teenage Development Knowledge Factors
The results of the research on the knowledge factors of adolescent development are mostly included in the sufficient category with a percentage of 44.11%. These results can be said that most students tend to know that physical growth because it can be observed and seen clearly compared to development. Students more easily understand the material presented by the teacher.
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
Conculsions
The results of the research and discussion above the health knowledge possessed by class VII students in SMP N 14 Yogyakarta are mostly in the dominant of sufficient category, will be presented in the order in which the percentage entered in the sufficient category is 50.00%, in the good category of 23.52 %, in the less category of 14.70%, in the very less category of 8.00% and in the excellent category of 2.94%.
Suggestions
Based on the conclusions of the above research, there are several suggestions that need to be conveyed, namely:
1.	Teachers should give the students more exposure in health knowledge.
2.	The school should always pay attention to students' health knowledge, this is because
knowledge becomes a supporter for implementing healthy living.
3.	Next researchers in this field should use a wider sample and population, so that the analysis of health knowledge for the State Junior High School 14 Yogyakarta students can be identified better.

REFERENCES
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