The Perception Students Junior High School Yogyakarta On Effect Of Internet On Sport Participation Event
	
Mela Suhariyanti1, Tomoliyus2 	
1Graduate School Program, Yogyakarta State University, Jl. Colombo No.1, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2Graduate School Program, Yogyakarta State University, Jl. Colombo No.1, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
melasuhariyanti02@gmail.com, tomoliyus@uny.ac.id
	
Keywords:	Perception, effect, internet, sport, event.
Abstract:	In the worldwide the management of useful of internet has become a great social problem among children or adolescence. The aims of this study are to show the contribution of internet on the sport participation event. This is a descriptive research with qualitative and quantitative approach; the sample of the study was 59 children, 20 boys and 39 girls with age between 12-16 years. The data were collected using two techniques, literature review, internet Google form with closed questions, instrument from Young (1998) about Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and Cho’s research (2010) about participan of sport. The result showed that the most of children spent their time out of looking sport event but for other else, this one showed the need of consistent education of using the internet for the children or adolescence in order to allow all the benefit from sport to the children like physical and mental benefit as wellbeing.  But also to allow the discounted result of future athlete as a high performance. In conclusion if internet is well used by junior school students it could provide them before the knowledge of physical sport and education but also the physical sport teachers and coach will get facility to train athletes so quickly. In contrast it will negatively affected students if they don’t know how to manage the time allocated to internet.
1	INTRODUCTION
Nowdays, technological progress can be felt increasingly and makes everyone able to take advantage of internet facilities as a fulfillment of the needs. The main advantage of the Internet is ability to connect billions of computers and devices to each other. US Department of Health and Human Services 2008 explain that not only does the internet create convenience in sharing and receiving information between users, another advantage of the modern internet its ability for automation like: (1) Information, knowledge, and learning, (2) connectivity, communication, and sharing, (3) Address, mapping, and contact information, (4) Banking, bills, and shopping, (5) Selling and making money, (6) Collaboration, work from home, and access to a global workforce, (7) Donations and funding, (8) Entertainment.
Internet users in Indonesia experienced an increase in 2018. Based on the results of an Indonesian Poll study in collaboration with the Association of Indonesian Internet Service Providers (APJII), the number of internet users in Indonesia grew by 10.12 percent. According to APJII, this survey involved 5,900 samples with a 1.28 percent margin of error. The result of a total population of 264 million people in Indonesia, there are 171.17 million people or around 64.8 percent who have been connected to the internet. This shows an increase compared to 2017 where Indonesia's internet penetration rate was recorded at 54.86 percent, it is possible that there will be opportunities to continue to increase every year. Internet usage penetration by age, the highest position was obtained at the age of adolescents was 13-18 years at around 75.50%, this certainly can be concluded that the majority of internet use is school students. This survey also revealed that the internet use by the sample was mostly for chatting and accessing social media, in other words the Indonesian sample used the internet for entertainment activities (compas.com)
(Coleman, R., & Ramchandani, G, 2010) explain that now day’s internet is used as a social media for learning in every field like sport industry, sport marketing, physical education, sport nutrition, self-defence sport and other else. Many professional sport organizations use their websites to enhance communication with customers by providing information about organization and products (scores, news, ways to acquire and renew season tickets, etc.)
The effectiveness and success of these sites depend on how consumers perceive their value and quality provided by (X. Zhang and V. R. Prybutok, 2005). The popularity and growth of online sport consumption suggest a clear opportunity for sport related marketers to effectively use the Internet as a key component within an overall marketing strategy. To effectively leverage the opportunities that the Internet affords to an organization, it is crucial that organizations gain a clear understanding of online sport fan behavior (Y. Hur, Y. J. Ko and J. Valacich, 2011). The growth of Internet usage among online sport participans are also evidenced by traffic patterns at popular websites.
Currenly the Internet plays a major role in the lives of young people today. Children and youngsters engage in online activities both inside and outside the classroom (Sefton Green, 2004). Nevertheless media generates profit through sports while sports and its contents are transmitted through media. It is clear sports and media is developing in and expanding through this symbiotic relationship. This interdependent phenomena and symbiotic relationship can be referred as sports media (Weedon, G., Wilson, B., Yoon, L., & Lawson, S., 2016). If a sport or game has legislation to protect it, it will benefit from technology. Technology ensures fairness in sport and games. Sport is big business, and there is a lot of money invested into the design and development of sports equipment and clothing to help athletes improve their performance (Rothschild, P. 2011).
Even though it provides more benefits, sometimes it occur the negative effect.  some of the disadvantages of Interent for students in points are: Students become addicted and dependent on internet and may not focus on personal work and studies. Compared with adults, adolescents are more vulnerable to Internet addiction, because they have high novelty seeking but low self-control (Spada, 2014) and are particularly sensitive to peer influence (Somerville, 2013). 
According The Pew Research Center in 2014 found that 53% of internet users admitted that they very difficult if not to use their internet and smartphone. They consider smartphones and the internet to be very important in everyday life (Caumont, 2014). About 1 of  8 Americans shows signs of internet addiction and 82% of respondents who take the survey report that the time they spend online is more than 5 hours per day, resulting in an increase in internet addiction
Internet addiction is referred to as pathological internet because this lifestyle is very dependent on normal life which is always dependent on the internet for the user (Ozturk & Ozmen, 2011). Internet addiction can be broadly conceptualized as an inability to control one's use of the Internet which
leads to negative consequences in daily life (Spada, 2014) Internet addiction also means more important mental problems large people around the world. (Wang et al., 2013) if the formation of internet addiction can be interpreted by internet users who have low self-control so that it becomes. Internet addiction also causes a person to become unfocused on his personal work even on the study he is currently undergoing. Another negative impact is social isolation due to heavy use of internet use. Obesity and depression may also results by spending more time on computer. 
In the case of internet addiction, according to research by (Liang, L., Zhou, D., Yuan, C., Shao, A., & Bian, Y. (2016) for 1,715 adolescens in grades 6-8 in China, explaining that internet addiction this caused by depression. internet addictions shown between women and men are different, men use the internet only more for entertainment and use it less on the internet to find information, compared to women. Although men and women tend to have the same activities in using the Internet, men prefer to go online with friends compared to women.
For children we can suggest many benefit from watching event sport through internet because in education they are many types of learning and teaching, one of them related visual method, imagery this one can help children to improve skills, motoric and their competences. Gilchrist, P., & Wheaton, B. (2017) in his study found that sport helps children to develop mental and physical toughness. Sport shapes their body and makes it strong and active. Children should actively participate in sports to avoid being tired and lethargy. This is because sports improve their blood circulation and their physical well-being (Wankel, L. M., & Berger, B. G. 1990). Regarding the benefits of exercise according to (Hassmen, Koivula, & Uutela, 2000; Salmon, 2001; Scully, Kremer, Meade, Graham, & Dudgeon, 1998; Warburton, Nicol, & Bredin, 2006) also shown that sports activities have many positive effects to the body and to psychology such as reduced stress, depression and anxiety because with exercise can produce endofrin hormones that make a person happier during and after carrying out sports, and can reduce activities that are less useful nature such as playing games.
Many research already showed benefit of using internet, and the relationship between internet and sport participation for everybody, for the Yogyakarta children it still unknown how children use internet, there is a need of investigation to know if the using of internet allows the development of sport in all branches, but not only in sport but also to know the effect of internet on the result of children in the class. This study is concentred on Yogyakarta junior high school children. This section is made up of different parts. First, we will review some of the most important studies that have been carried out on sports and internet. Subsequently, we will go on to comment on the most representative concepts related to the study, among which we find attitudes, perception of students. In addition to the attitudes aspect, a section will be devoted to analyzing the effect of internet on development of sport that has taken place in this research topic, specifically on the development of scales to measure the construct of attitudes towards the internet.
2	Research Methodology
This study is a descriptive research with mixed method approach, qualitative and quantitative approach. The sample was student junior high school in Yogyakarta, age between 12-16 years, who still using internet as a source of information. The whole sample was 59 by quota sampling. The data were collected using two techniques, literature review, internet Google form with closed questions.
Quisioner have 6 sub scale, adoped from Young (1998) about Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and Cho’s research (2010) about participan of sport. After getting data we process an analysing data by SPSS 24 in order to know the prevalence and frequency of the feeling and the using of internet in the field of sport participation. 
The questions related to sports participation adopted from research (Cho, Kwon, and Jeon's 2010) include frequency, intensity, and duration. The Frequency question is "During the week, how often do you participate in sports or physical exercise in your free time?". The frequency of sports participation is categorized into: almost none, 1-2 days / week, 3 days / week, 4-5 days / week, and 6-7 days / week. The intensity of sports participation is the question "How is the level of exercise or the level of exercise that you live seen from breathing during your exercise" categorized several types including using very light breathing (such as breathing normally, can still laugh and chat with people around), mild breathing (controlled with breathing that starts fast), moderate breathing (slightly panting), heavy (panting and still able to talk a little), and breathing very heavy (very heavy (unable to chat, very focused) based on the above questions consisting of A 5 point Likert type response format is used with values ​​ranging from 1 (very light breathing) to 5 (very severe breathing). The duration of exercise participation is categorized to be less than or equal to 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 40 minutes, and more than that 50 min. The 5-point Likert type response format is used with values ​​ranging from 1 (almost 10 minutes) to 5 (more than 50 min). Average frequency, intensity, and duration values ​​are used for analysis. Higher scores reflect higher levels of physical exercise and sports participation.
3	Result
In this part we will have to make up the results from the research and a kind of discussion. Counting was done by gathering the identical answers. The results obtained were calculated as a percentage of the totals from the questionnaire. Pie was used for interpretation of results. The following are the results from all the respondents.

3.1	Questions Addressed To The Junior High School Students

3.1.1	What Do You Do When You Open Your Internet?
	
Figure 1. Things that are often opened when playing the internet

According to this question the result showed that junior high school students used internet for other activities like watching movies which is not related to sport event or participation, Only 18, 6% of the population surveyed were watching game like sport event, for them the research showed also that they were interested on sport, the previous is tasted with the time allocated to the daily sport activities. 81,4% of the sample surveyed used internet for chatting,  social media, and watching YouTube, the previous average is very high to taste that people were wrong used internet in hand of sport participation, so there is lack correlation between the using internet and sport participation.

3.1.2	Are you able to manager your time allocated to internet?

Figure 2. Allocating time towards using the internet

The  surveyed showed that only 40,7% were able to management the time, but 59,3%  were not able to take care for the time, in other words means that they spent a lot of time doing unless activities online with internet instead of watching sport event. The effect of the loosing of most time influenced the decreasing of performance in sport but also it was seen the decreasing of class result in other course, the raison why parents and high school teachers have to regular or educate student of high school how to profit internet in the hand of sport event in order to allow them to get benefits from sport like.
Playing sports helps reduce body fat or controls your body weight. Sports allow you will gain the satisfaction of developing your fitness and skills. Sports can help you fight depression and anxiety. Playing sports helps strengthen bones, not only that, exercise also provides other good benefits which is to make our brain more intelligent, because by actively participating in sports the body becomes fitter so we are more focused in receiving and processing an information.

3.1.3. Correlation between result class and time used on internet

Figure 3. correlation between result class and time used on internet

According to the following statement the result showed that 66,1% students were living a lack result in the class or a low result this one is explain with the most time spent on internet, this average should help teachers and students parents to emphasis on the student education in order to allow increasing of performance in every course.
4	DISCUSSION
The research showed the perception of children junior high school on using internet; it was found a great lack of using internet in the hand of sport participation, more than 66% they used internet for chatting, watching YouTube, social media. The used of the internet shows that most students only use the internet as entertainment not for learning activities. Students are very familiar with the entertainment features in their devices and it happens every day. the reserch (Kominfo, 2015) confirm that the use of the internet in Indonesia is dominan in news and entertainment searches, even in educational content only a very small amount, which is 5 percent of the total and television shows also illustrate that the program most favored by dominant viewers is entertainment and information (Kusuma dan Hardiyanto, 2015). That was very worrying, considering that children and adolescents still have a very unstable emotional condition, and also they have not been able to sort out the good information from the thousands of information they get through their devices, so that prevention to not use the internet in digital age teenagers now this is considered very difficult. 
They also tend to be easily influenced by the social environment without first considering the positive or negative effects that will be received when doing internet activities (Ekasari & Dharmawan, 2012). But in fact (Longstreet, Brooks and Gonzalez, 2019) revealed that there is a significant relationship between someone who is addicted to the internet with negative emotions. The more a person is addicted to the internet it will have a positive emotional impact on them. Individuals with internet addiction were 2–3 times more likely to suffer from depression or anxiety than those without internet addiction (Ho et al., 2014). This problem is also caused because young student have not be able to sort out useful internet activities.
The results of the time allocation of internet use of junior high school students in Yogyakarta, more than 50 percent of the survey results reveal poor time management in internet use, in poor time management this results in sleeping late at night, poor control of time to play the internet, and often delaying work school just to play the internet. 
The positive influence offered by the internet is not proportional to the negative impact of the use of the internet itself if it is not well managed. This incident is a problem that occurs in Yogyakarta adolecents student, even though these youngs will be the spearhead of the nation, but in fact now they are complacent when getting internet facilitation that is presented to facilitate all their activities without creating new creativity in the world of education that is being lived. Of course, if it is associated with educational institutions, internet addiction is the responsibility of all elements in the school, especially to teachers.
The teacher also has a share in spreading internet addiction. (Davis, 2001) which mentions this event referred to as a cognitive model of internet addiction, social approval or social isolation will cause internet addiction in students, in schools this relationship is the responsibility of the teacher, because it is related to its relationship with the formation of students for internet addiction. According to (Bronfenbrenner, 1977) the ecological system model, social systems (eg, parents and teachers) can interact with each other. At school, choosing professors is an important source of social teacher for teens. Students who lack social support from teachers are more likely to be vulnerable to Internet addiction (Casas, Del Rey, & OrtegaRuiz, 2013). In addition, quality is the relationship of students and teachers is a key factor that drives or damages school students (Wang, 2009). If students appreciate that their teachers support and care for them, they will have better academics and more problems (Wang, 2009), for example, they develop internet addiction (Casas et al., 2013). Thus, teacher support can play a protective role in adolescent development. In addition, perceptions of social support from teachers have been indicated for the protection of adverse effects from negative environmental conditions or stress among adolescents (Wang & Dishion, 2012). 
(Rodrigues, D., Padez, C., & Machado-Rodrigues, A. M. 2017), showed that the parenting of physical sport teacher and student parent are involved to increase the behaviour of students in their totally education, parental participation in organized and unorganized physical activity (PA) must associated with children’s participation in extracurricular sport, then we should expect the discounted performance. 
This is in line with the results (Fahriantini,2016) reinforces the importance the role of parents to engage children in critical thinking, inviting children to have simple discussions regarding cases arising from crimes committed in cyberspace. Parents can also control the use of the internet does not have to be in a strict way. But by controlling or supervising persuasively while still respecting the privacy of children. In this case the results of research by (Faisal,2016) outlines that educating children in the digital age by applying non-authoritarian parenting because children are not happy forced but rather persuaded and tended to be left alone but must also remain supervised by parents. Besides that parents must also be able to understand the variety of applications that educate children and guide children to play it well and oversee the use of the information media so as not to deviate from the values ​​of Islamic education.
From the result presented above showed that student were already become mental disability because it is so hard to tie out from internet, as consequences we cannot hop the good result or the high performance in sport whether people still more funny on using internet for otherwise instead of sport participation but also for others class course, it was found the decreasing of class result because of a high spending of the time. Mental disability if not corrected immediately will add to the bad impact for the sufferer. The results of the study (Park et al., 2016) revealed that to minimize internet addiction needed good sports activities not only can improve physical fitness but psychological health would increase, the more someone participated in active sports activities the more the internet addiction would be lost themselves. Joker's research also revealed that the benefits of sports participation can have a positive impact by showing that the level of self-control over internet use is far better compared to people who are not involved in physical activities or sports, namely by conducting research on 622 teenagers consisting of 428 elite athletes, 140 regional athletes, and 54 non-athletes.
In the research (Siebert, E. A., Hamm, J., & Yun, J. 2016). The result of his study showed that One hundred and forty-eight parents of children with disabilities self-control were surveyed. The results of multiple regression revealed that parents’ perceived competence of their child’s physical ability and parental support were the key factors of promoting physical activity behaviours of children with disabilities. (Evans, D. M., & CT Smith, A. 2004), in his study showed that if internet is good used provides  more benefit, so in Australian population was surveyed about the time used on internet,  66.67% were interested with internet. However, clubs demonstrated a significantly more optimistic view of website profitability, with 96% of respondents believing sites offering sports content were capable of turning a profit on the internet at the time. According to the result from the present study we should conclude that Yogyakarta junior high students were badly used internet, so Physical sport teachers and parents are invite to re-educate and to show to the students how to use correctly internet in order to allow the performance in physical sport, but also the class result in other course will be influenced with the good way to use internet.
5 CONCLUSION
In this paper, the study showed significant lack of  using internet on sport participation for the Yogyakarta junior students,  this study provides knowledge to experts in charge of using internet, with the results obtained, we give information to these physical sport teachers and students parents to understand better the process and the behavior of children in using internet and how they should work with the important variables to obtain better results,and therefore, more success for the company or event. 
So these findings supported the need to strengthen the capacity of school teachers and parent  in early identification, detection and management of behavioral addictions among students. School teachers and parents  are well placed to leverage their position in order to deliver the screening, early intervention and preventive interventions for behavioral addictions involving use of internet to school children, teacher or parent should equip themselves with training or add insight on handling internet addiction in order to deal with or prevent a student from being addicted to the internet.
As a limitation of the study we find the impossibility of generalization, on the one hand due to the sample, only corresponding to the Yogyakarta people, and on the other hand because of the context, the scope of study of sports participation and internet.These types of studies allow us to begin to create a theoretical basis in the field, adding knowledge about the subject, but in future studies of this same line, we must analyze the variables in other types of events, other types of service and having other types of Samples to be able to offer more generalizable conclusions.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 
We warmly thank to the participants in our research who have given a written consent, but also our deeply feelings gratitude were addressed to junior high school children of Yogyakarta for the information provided. 
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
We declare that there is no conflict of interest to do this research
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