Effect Plyometric Single Leg Depth Jump to Power and Strength Leg Muscle  
In  Male Athletes Basketball 

Eko Rachlai Arisetiawan, Fepriyanto Andi Nugroho Agung Supriyanto
Departement of Physical Education STKIP PGRI Sumenep Indonesia
rachlaiekoari@stkippgrisumenep.ac.id, andifepriyanto@stkippgrisumenep , agungnugroho@stkippgrisumenep.ac.id

Keyword:              plyometric, single leg depth jump and basketball.

Abstract: 	The aim this research is analyze the effectiveness of plyometrics training single leg jump depth to increase explosive power and leg muscle strength in athletes men's basketball PERBASI Suemenep District. The method used experimental research design with one group pretest and posttest design. The subject were 20 men's basketball athletes. The research subject was given treatment plyometrics single leg depth  jump for 6 weeks. The results showed a significant effect on leg muscle strength and explosive power. Theu wiould be affect in ability of the athlete jump.
 
1.	
1.	INTRODUCTION
Basketball is a game in groups of five (5) persons or also called by a team, so we need a comminication and mutual understanding between player in order to achieve victory. Skills of each individual will have a significant impact on the course of the game. Basketball have some basic techniques such as shooting, dribbling, defensive, pivot and soon (Wanena, 2018), 
Basketball needs agility and the ability to force a jump (Bal, Parminder and Davinder, 2011). Some components of physical condition should be have by basketball players is strength, endurance, coordination, balance, speed and explosive power (Asadi, 2013). Explosive power can be connection with a jump. Jumping needed to perform jump shooting , block, rebound and slamdunk. Jumping is essential for almost all sports, not to mention in basketball.
One of the components from physical condition that almost every sport needs is a muscle explosive power. In the game of the sport, the explosive power used in explosive movements like throwing nature, resisting, kicking and punching. Power is not a new knownledge in the sports world, because almost all sports require power. In developed countries increased of power with tools of advanced training sircuit. But to increased power, the first must be improved strength and speed exercises, because power can be generated using strength training and speed in exerting maximum force to overcome the resistance(Munizar, Razali and Ifwandi, 2016),
Plyometric is a form of exercise that can be used to improve muscle explosive power. Plyometric already known in the coaches and athletes during recent times. Plyometric related between muscle contractions and repetition so that can be maked muscle strength increases (Bal 2011). Plyometric can increase the height of the jump, the speed of leg muscle strength and improve joint (Shaji, 2009; Arazi 2011). Several studies have shown that plyometric exercise is able to improve muscle strength, especially leg muscle strength (Adibpour, Hojatolah and Naser. 2012; Arazi and Abbas, 2011; Asadi,, 2013; bale Parminder and Davinder, 2011; Rajan and Pushparajan, 2010; Shaji and Saluja, 2009; Stojanović, Nikodije and Toplica 2012).

Basketball is not foreign in Sumenep district because Sumenep has coaching in the organization. So far the best achievement in the sport of basketball in Sumenep regency has never completely won at the regional and national level. This is what should be evaluated in training to athlete basketball in Sumenep regency.
The aim of this research is to increase the explosive power and leg muscle strength by using the plyometrics single leg depth jump. Selection of plyometrics training using a single leg jump depth based on the consideration that it uses muscle groups that are used when the athlete playing basketball.

2.	METHOD
The research will be conducted a field experiment. The method used is the method of experimentation with the design of one group pretest - posttest design.

2.1   Subject
The subjects were men's basketball player PERBASI Sumenep with addres in the Street West Payudan Trunojoyo Sumenep. The Subject in this study was 20 men's basketball athlete. Taking the sample using purposive sampling technique based on the traits or characteristics that are known in advance by traits or characteristics of the population. Anthropometric subjects shown in Table 1. The implementation of plyometrics single leg depth jump is given for 8 weeks starting March 24th - May 19th 2019.

2.2   Tool
Tool used in this research were back and leg dynamometer was used to measure the strength of leg muscles. Jump DF is used to measure the explosive power leg muscle.

2.3   Procedure 
The first stages of this research before data collection was the subject is given an understanding of the goals, objectives and procedures of the study. Each subject write informed consent means willing to participate in research.

Figure 1. Single Leg Depth Jump

Table 1. Anthropometric research subjects
Physical Physiological Athletes (N = 20)	Mean	
Age (years)	19.82 ± 1,121	
Height (cm)	172.2 ± 3.72	
Weight (kg)	64.89 ± 4:11	
Body Mass Index (kg / m2)	22:23 ± 1:23	

Table 2. Results plyometric exercise
Variables	Pre Test	Post Test	
Leg muscle strength (kg)	169.97 ± 23:04	189.65 ± 23.60 *	
Explosive  power leg muscle (watt/J)	245.71 ± 15:55	263.16 ± 19:06 *	
*) Different significant (p <0.05) in advance of the pre-test and post-test

The second stage the each subject of the initial test carried out by placing a test of leg muscle explosive power using a Jump df and leg muscle strength using the tool back and leg dynamometer. After that all athletes are given treatment plyometrics single leg depth jump for 6 weeks every week 3 times with a total of 18 times the number of training sessions. At the time of the exercise of any meeting of any athlete training for 60 minutes consisting of 10 minutes of warming up, 40 minutes of core exercises, and 10 minutes cooling.
During training plyomectric single leg depth jump athlete standing one foot on the box measuring 30.48 centimeters (12 inches) to 45.72 cm (18 inches). Standing at the top of the box, with fingers close to the edge. Athletes stepped out of the box and down the land with one foot, then perform advanced motion jump as high as possible and land with one foot just as well as maintaining contact with the ground.

2.4   Data analysis
Test for normality and homogeneity is a requirement prior to testing hypothesis testing. Analysis of the data on this research using t-test statistical methods (Independent-samples t-test) with significance level of 0.05.

3.	RESULT 
The result leg muscle strength before performing plyometric is 169.97 ± 23:04 (kg) and after exercise for 6 weeks increase of 189.65 ± 23.60 (kg). Leg muscle explosive power before subject is 245.71 ± 15:55 (Watt / J) and after exercise for 6 weeks increased to 263.16 ± 19:06 (Watt / J). Results from the study showed a significant difference (p <0.05) in the leg muscle strength between pre-test and post-test plyometric single leg depth jump. Likewise, there is a significant result (p> 0.05) in explosive power leg muscle between pre-test and post-test plyometric single leg depth jump. Overall study results shown in Table 2. These results show effective plyometric  single leg depth jump to improve the ability of the subject.

4.	 DISCUSSION
Basketball is a sport that requires muscle strength and  good enough endurance because of displacement of the ball is very fast and the displacement position of the attacking and defending players are fast enough. 

Figure 2. Effectiveness plyometric single leg depth jump to the increased explosive power leg muscle

Figure 3. Effectiveness plyometric single leg depth jump to the to the increased leg muscle strength

 The results showed that there was a significant effect of leg muscle strength and leg muscle explosive power athlete basketball using plyometric single leg depth jump. The results of this study are also similar to several previous studies which stated that plyometric exercises can improve explosive power and muscle strength athlete (Adibpour, Hojatolah and Naser. 2012; Arazi and Abbas, 2011; Asadi,, 2013; bale Parminder and Davinder, 2011; Rajan and Pushparajan, 2010; Shaji and Saluja, 2009; Stojanović, Nikodije and Toplica 2012). 
Increasing muscle explosive power related to the ability of the athlete jumps (Stojanović, Nikodije and Toplica. 2012; Rajan, and Pushparajan 2010). The jumping in basketball used to defending or attacking. The strength of the explosive power  player also depends on factors anatomy and physiology of the athlete (Stojanović, Nikodije and Toplica. 2012).
Basically the leg muscle explosive power leg muscle used to make the jump while athlete is doing the shooting. Leg have advantages to hold  athlete’s weight and also the influence of the earth's gravity, so the leg muscles are required to have explosive power(Annuri, 2014), 
One of thing that must be understood that an important factor affecting the explosive power of the muscle is muscle and nervous system (Stojanović, Nikodije and Toplica. 2012). This is because a good explosive power can occur because of good muscle groups teamwork that they have helped by the nervous system that manage these muscles (Stojanović. Nikodije and Toplica. 2012). There is a factor affect the high jump and explosive power is the power of anaerobic muscle and individual athlete (Adibpour, Hojatolah and Naser. 2012.). The higher jump so the strength of the high anaerobic and muscle explosive power will also increase. This could be information to the coaches to make exercise program to increase the capacity of anaerobic strength athletes.
Plyometric can be worked in the water and in the land. Arazi and Abbas (2011) research showed that plyometric workout in the water and in the land were able to increase the power of speed performance of athletes, especially in the power of jump. The combination of training location will also make the athlete more enjoy and do not depressed. It  could increase spirit athlete(Arazi and Abbas, 2011).
The combination of exercise resistance and plyometric can be improve muscle movement speed is by the nervous system that causes a faster transition from eccentric to concentric contraction (Arazi and Abbas, 2011). But plyometric has the risk of injury that can be caused by external forces that are too big happens in the joints, bones, muscles, ligaments and tendons. (Arazi and Abbas, 2011). It can inhibit the development of the athletes themselves.
A coach was instrumental in creating the athlete's performance. A coach is advisable to consider a number of factors when planning a training program for their athletes explosive power. Among other consideration is the character of their player's skill level, playing their position, and their actual playing time. Explosive power program should fit the needs of any player on the team; therefore, a number of explosive power and conditioning program can be developed and implemented for individual team members during the annual season(Duran et al., 2019), 

V. CONCLUSION
The conclusion of this study is a significant increase which occurs in leg muscle strength and muscle explosive power men's basketball players using single leg plyometric single leg depth jump. These results indicate the ability of the athlete, especially at the increase jump ability. Suggestions for the coach can to add some exercise abrout plyometric to improve jump ability

REFERENCES

Adibpour, N., Hojatolah NB and Naser B. 2012. Comparison of the Effect of Plyometric and Weight Training Programs on Vertical Jumps in Female Basketball Players. World Journal of Sports Sciences 7 (2): 99-104
Annuri, U. (2014) Relationship Explosive Muscle Power Muscle Limbs Limbs And Capabilities Shooting Basketball Athletes. YOGYAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY. Available at: https://eprints.uny.ac.id/16505/1/SKRIPSI.pdf.
Arazi, H., and Abbas A. 2011. The Effect of Aquatic And Land Plyometric Training on Strength, Sprint, And Balance In Young Basketball Players. Journal of Human Sport & Exercise Volume 6 Issue 1 
Asadi, A. 2013. Effects Of In-Season On Sprint Plyometric Training And Balance Performance In Basketball Players. Sport Science 6 (1): 24-27 

Bal, BS, Parminder JK, and Davinder S. 2011.  Effects Of A Short Term Plyometric Training Program Of Agility In Young Basketball Players. Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity, Vol. 5, No. 4 ,, pp. 271-278 
Duran, G. et al. (2019) 'Scheduling Argentina's professional basketball leagues: A variation on the Traveling Tournament Problem', European Journal of Operational Research, 275 (3), pp. 1126-1138. doi: 10.1016 / j.ejor.2018.12.018.
Munizar, Razali and Ifwandi (2016) 'The contribution of the Power Muscle Limbs And Power Muscles Legs Against Stroke Smash In Players Volleyball Club HIMADIRGA FKIP UNSYIAH', Journal of Student Scientific Physical Education, Health and Recreation Faculty of Teaching and Education Unsyiah, 2, pp. 26-38. Available at: https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/187919-ID-kontribusi-power-otot-tungkai-dan-power.pdf.
Rajan, SR, and Pushparajan, A. 2010. Effects Of Plyometric Training On The Development of The Vertical Jump In Volleyball Players. Journal of Physical Education and Sport Vol 28, No 3.
Shaji, J. and I. Saluja 2009. Comparative Analysis of Plyometric Training Program and Dynamic Stretching on Vertical Jump and Agility in Male Collegiate Basketball Player. Al Ameen J Med. Sci, Volume 2, No.1, 
Stojanović, N., Nikodije J, and Toplica S. 2012. The Effects Of Plyometric Training On The Development Of The Jumping Agility In Volleyball Players. Physical Education and Sport Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 59-73 
Wanena, T. (2018) 'Contributions power leg muscle, leg muscle strength and hand-eye coordination to the ability of the student basketball jump shot Nikken Uncen Year 2017', JPOS (Journal of Power Of Sports), 1 (2), pp. 8-13.