The Urge of Public Swimming Pool Water Quality Monitoring in Indonesia

Arijal Haris Martopo
Master Program in Sport Science
Yogyakarta State University
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
arijalharis@gmail.com

Tomoliyus
Faculty of Sport Science
Yogyakarta State University
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
tomoliyus@uny.ac.id

Abstract
Backgound: The purpose of this study is to figure out if the swimming pool water quality monitoring is following the Indonesian Minister of Health Regulation and to figure out customers preference on swimming pool water quality monitoring. Methods: This study was conducted primary from literacy analysis of journals, textbook, and other relevant researches. The data also collected by interviews with several swimming pools organizers about the water quality monitoring and survey to the public as customers. Results: All the swimming pool water do not qualified the standard of Indonesian Minister of Health Regulation. Based on interview, there are several pool organizers do not even know that the regulation is exist. Conclusion: Result showed that 100% public swimming pools do not following the regulation. The government need to held a certain certification, as a monitoring act to ensure the swimming pools water quality and provide an easy way to access the information.
Keywords: swimming pool, water quality, monitoring

Introduction
One of the most popular sport places are swimming pools and swimming especially in hot weather is very fun. [1]  Swimming is one of the subjek in Physical Education class in Indonesia. [2] Yet it is not a mandatory for the schools to have private swimming pool. It is also not a mandatory for the PE teacher to teach swimming in their class. However, whenever PE teachers want to teach swimming or other water activities while they have no swimming pools in school, they have no option except to use public swimming pools. Public swimming pools are more prone to be contaminated by disease-causing micro organism than domestic swimming pools, so it is very important to enhance the disinfectan, otherwise the disease may be transmitted. [3] Poor monitoring and maintanance lead to bad water condition where bacteria can grow which may cause variaty of respiratory, central nervous system, or dermal disesase or infections. [4] This contradict to the Indonesia’s national education purpose, that is to make the students healthy. [5] 
Methods
The study mainly analyzed the relevant research journals. Those relevant researches were gathered to figure out the real condition of swimming pool water quality in regions in Indonesia. Several interviews with pool organizers also aided in the analysis of the urge of swimming pool water monitoring. We also surveyed 128 public customers with an age range between 0 (under 18)-54 years old.
Result
In 2016 a research was conducted in Semarang City with total population of 11 pools. The results was 100% of the population were not qualified given the number of coliform bacteria waere way too high (>240 per 100 ml max. and 7,5 per 100 ml min.) while the maximum tolerance by Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation was 0. [6] In 2013 a research was conducted in two swimming pools in Sidarjo City. Both pools were not qualified with pool A was not qualified on the residual chlorine and smell, while pool B was not qualified on water clarity, pH level, coliform, and also residual chlor. This study also found that majority of the visitors experienced eye and skin irritation. [7] In 2016 a research was conducted in in two swimming pools in Yogyakarta. Like previous research above, both pools were also not qualified. The parameters that were not qualified are dissolved oxygen, and chlorine level. [8] 
On observation, we had interview with five pool organizers. Two pools are regularly visited by Department of Health, yet the maintanance of all five swimming pools does not correspond with the regulation’s requirement. Two of the organizers were not even know that the regulation is existed. Based on the interview, we found only two parameters that tested or known, that is pH level and chlorine level. Four pools had their water pH level tested and one pool does not. There is one pool tested once a day, but the regulation require the test a minimum of three times a day. Two pools had their chlorine level tested and qualified. The remaining 14 parameters are unknown or do not tested yet.
On survey to the public customers, the questions are about: the purpose of visits, frequency of visits, swimming pool water quality insight, and preferences of the standarized swimming pool water quality. The results are most of them: visit swimming pool for recreational purpose (45,3%); visit the swimming pool several times a year (57%); do not know the regulations of swimming pool water quality (86,7%); do not know the status of the quality of swimming pool water they visited (88,3%); will choose the qualified swimming pool water (89%).
We found that there is no information from government and the pool organizers themselves found regarding the quality of swimming pool water anywhere.
 Discussion
A poor monitoring on pool water can cause harm to the visitor. [1] For example, if the pH level is too low it can cause damage that can occur to the skin due to chemicals, especially by acids and alkalis (bases), including burns and damage that immediately arises. [9] So for public consumers as well as PE teachers should pay more attention to this particualr situation. Instead of getting healthier, it may cause terrible effects.
Conclusion
The condition of swimming pool water quality monitoring in Indonesia is far from appropriate. The government should never ignore this condition where swimming pool water poorly monitored. We suggest that there must be a real act such as certification or standarization towards pool organizers, like the standarization of foods to ensure the consumers and nonetheless the students to be safe and healthy to have an activity in the public swimming pool.
References
1.	Masoumbeigi Hossein, Mahmoudi Norouz, Fatemeh Nazari, Ataei Zohreh, Sepandi Mojtaba, Esrafili Ali. An Investigation into the Status of Water Quality Health Indicators of the Swimming Pools in Tehran (2015)
2.	Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nomor 20-23 Tahun 2016 Tentang Standar Kompetensi Lulusan Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah
3.	Health Protection NSW. Public swimming pool and spa pool advisory document. Sydney (2013)
4.	WHO. Guidelines for safe recreational water environments. Volume 2, Swimming pools and similar environments. Geneva  (2006)
5.	Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 Tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional
6.	Shallichah Talita, Nurjazuli, Hanan Lanang Dangiran. A Study Of Swimming Pool Water Akteriological Quality and Factors Affecting in Semarang City  (2016)
7.	Dian Wahyu Cita, Retno Adriyani. Water Quality and Health Complains from Swimming Pool Users in Sidoarjo (2013)
8.	Adriana. Analysis of the Quality of Indoor and Outdoor Swimming Pool Water in Depok Sport Center and Tirta Sari in Sleman Town Based On Indonesian Minister of Health Provisions No. 416/Menkes/PER/IX/1990 (2016)
9.	Moh Anief. Formulasi Obat Tropikal: Dengan Dasar Penyakit Kulit. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press (1997)